Challenger Index -- Original Contents

Report on the scientific results
of the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger
during the years 1873-76
under the command of Captain George S. Nares
and the late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson.

Prepared under the superintendence
of the late Sir C. Wyville Thomson and now of John Murray.

Published by order of Her Majesty's government.

This electronic edition prepared by Dr. David C. Bossard
from original documents in the library holdings of
Dartmouth College, Hanover New Hampshire.

H.M.S. CHALLENGER EXPEDITION REPORTS
ILLUSTRATED INDEX

General Index of Reports and Published Works

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Captain George S. Nares, R.N. Commanding Officer	Sir C. Wyville Thomson Scientific Director

HMS Challenger
H.M.S. Challenger.

Expedition Photograph

Charts showing the Dredging and Sounding Stations.
From Section I. Narrative, 1885.

Deck Plans of H.M.S. Challenger
From Section I. Narrative, 1885.

A high resolution (800 ppi) world map showing the H.M.S. Challenger Track and Sounding Stations
is available here in three sections.
From Zoology Part LIII, 1887.

Click on image for map at 200 ppi.

Left Section at 800 ppi

Middle Section at 800 ppi

Right Section at 800 ppi

CONTENTS
pages xxii to xxxi of the 1895 Summary

Note: taxonomic definitions are from http://www.hyperdictionary.com, the European Register of Marine Species (ERMS), Systema Naturae 2000. and Biosis.

LIST OF THE CHALLENGER ZOOLOGICAL REPORTS
ARRANGED IN SYSTEMATIC ORDER

From Zoology Part LXXX, 1889, pp. x, xi.

Vertebrata Human Skeletons: Parts XXIX, XLVII Seals: Part LXVIII Bones of Cetacea: Part IV Marsupialia: Part XVI Birds: Part VIII Anatomy of Petrels: Part XI Anatomy of Spheniscidæ: Part XVIII Fishes: Parts VI, LVII, LXXVIII	Arthropoda Pelagic Hemiptera: Part XIX Pycnogonida: Part X Brachyura: Part XLIX Anomura: Part XLIX Macrura: Part LII Schizopoda: Part XXXVII Stomatopoda: Part XLV Cumacea: Part LV Phyllocarida: Part LVI Isopoda: Parts XXXIII, XLVIII Amphipoda: Part LXVII Cirripedia: Parts XXV, XXVIII Copepoda: Part XXIII Ostracoda: Part III
Tunicata Tunicata: Parts XVII, XXXVIII, LXXVI	Echinodermata Holothurioidea: Parts XIII, XXXIX Echinoidea: Part IX Ophiuroidea: Part XIV Asteroidea: Part LI Crinoidea: Parts XXXII, LX
Molluscoidea & Mollusca Brachiopoda: Part I Polyzoa: Parts XXX, L, LXXIX Cephalodiscus: Part LXII Phoronis: Part LXXV Cephalopoda: Part XLIV Pteropoda: Parts LVIII, LXV, LXVI Nudibranchiata: Part XXVI Marseniadæ: Part XLI Heteropoda: Part LXXII Scaphopoda & Gasteropoda: Part XLII Polyplacophora: Part XLIII Lamellibranchiata: Part XXXV Anatomy of Deep-Sea Mollusca: Part LXXIV Brachiopoda: Part I Polyzoa: Parts XXX, L, LXXIX Cephalodiscus: Part LXII Phoronis: Part LXXV Cephalopoda: Part XLIV Pteropoda: Parts LVIII, LXV, LXVI Nudibranchiata: Part XXVI Marseniadæ: Part XLI Heteropoda: Part LXXII Scaphopoda & Gasteropoda: Part XLII Polyplacophora: Part XLIII Lamellibranchiata: Part XXXV Anatomy of Deep-Sea Mollusca: Part LXXIV	Vermes Myzostomida: Parts XXVII, LXI Annelida: Part XXXIV Gephyrea: Part XXXVI Nemertea: Part LIV Entozoa: Part LXXI
Coelenterata Siphonophoræ: Part LXXVII Deep-Sea Medusæ: Part XII Hydroida: Part XX, LXX Corals: Part VII Reef Corals: Part XLVI Actiniaria: Parts XV, LXXIII Pennatulida: Part II Calcarea: Part XXIV Hexactinellida: Part LIII Tetractinellida: Part LXIII Monaxonida: Part LIX Keratosa: Part XXXI Deep-Sea Keratosa: Part LXXXII	Protozoa Radiolaria: Part XL Foraminifera: Part XXII Orbitolites: Part XXI

[xxii]

LIST OF THE FIFTY VOLUMES OF THE
CHALLENGER REPORT WITH THEIR CONTENTS
AS BOUND AT TIME OF PUBLICATION.

click on the report titles to link to the reports
and access higher resolution plates.

I. NARRATIVE (bound in three volumes).

Pages

Plates,
Maps, &c.

Vol. 1. NARRATIVE OF THE CRUISE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER, with a general account of the Scientific Results of the Expedition. By Staff-Commander T. H. Tizard, R.N.; Professor H. N. Moseley, F.R.S.; Mr. J. Y. Buchanan, M.A.; and Mr. John Murray, Ph.D., Members of the Expedition; partly illustrated by Dr. J. J. Wild, Artist to the Expedition. (In two parts), . . . . (1885)

1172

118

Vol. 2, containing : . . . . (1882)

MAGNETICAL Results. By Commander Maclear, R.N.; Lieutenant Bromley, R.N.; Staff Commander Tizard, R.N.; and Staff-Commander E. W. Creak, R.N.; with Instructions and Memorandum prepared under the Superintendence of the Hydrographer of the Admiralty.

METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. By Staff-Commander Tizard, R.N., assisted by other Officers of the Expedition.

PRESSURE ERRORS OF THE CHALLENGER THERMOMETERS. By Professor P. G. Tait, M.A., Sec. R.S.E. (Appendix A.)

PETROLOGY OF ST. PAUL'S ROCKS (Atlantic). By the Rev. Professor A. Renard, F.G.S., F.R.M.S., &c. (Appendix B.)

823

[xxiii]

II. PHYSICS and CHEMISTRY (bound in two volumes).

Vol. 1., containing:- . . . . (1885)

Part I- COMPOSITION OF OCEAN WATER. By Professor William Dittmar, F.R.SS. L. and E.

Part II.-SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SAMPLES OF OCEAN WATER. By J. Y. Buchanan, Esq., M.A., F.R.S.E., Chemist and Physicist of the Expedition.

Part III.-DEEP-SEA TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS. By the Officers of the Expedition.

325

272

Vol. 2., containing:- . . . . (1889)

Part IV.- ON SOME OF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FRESH WATER AND OF SEA-WATER. By Professor P. G. Tait, MA., Sec. R.S.E.

Part V.- ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION, BASED ON THE OBSERVATIONS MADE ON BOARD H.M.S. CHALLENGER AND OTHER METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. By Alexander Buchan, M.A., LL.D.

Part VI.-MAGNETICAL RESULTS. By Staff-Commander E. W. Creak, R.N., F.R.S.

Part VII.-PETROLOGY OF OCEANIC ISLANDS. By Professor A. Renard, LL.D., Ph.D., F.G.S., Hon. F.R.S.E.

633

III. DEEP SEA DEPOSITS (bound in one volume).

583

DEEP-SEA DEPOSITS. By Dr. John Murray and Professor A. Renard, . . . (1891)

ANALYTICAL EXAMINATION OF MANGANESE NODULES, with special reference to the PRESENCE or ABSENCE of the RARER ELEMENTS. By John Gibson, Ph.D., F.R.S.E. (Appendix II.)

CHEMICAL ANALYSES of Marine Deposits, Manganese Nodules, Phosphatic Concretions, Zeolitic Crystals, Volcanic Lapillæ, Glauconite, Bones of Cetaceans, Teeth of Sharks, &c. By Professors Brazier, Dittmar, Renard, Sipöcz, Mr. Anderson, and others. (Appendix III.)

III. BOTANY (bound in two volumes).

Vol. 1, containing:- . . . . (1885)

910

Introduction.-PRESENT STATE OF' KNOWLEDGE OF VARIOUS INSULAR FLORAS, being an introduction to the Botany of the Challenger Expedition. By William Botting Hemsley, A.L.S.

[xxiv]

Part I.-BOTANY OF THE BERMUDAS and various other Islands of the Atlantic and Southern Oceans. -- The Bermudas. By W. B. Hemsley, A.L.S.

Part II-BOTANY OF THE BERMUDAS and various other Islands of the Atlantic and Southern Oceans. -- St. Paul's Rocks, Fernando-Noronha and contiguous Islets, Ascension, St. Helena, South Trinidad, the Tristan da Cunha Group, Prince Edward Group (Marion Island), the Crozets, Kerguelen Island, Macdonald Group (Heard Island), Amsterdam and St. Paul Islands. By W. B. Hemsley, A.L.S.
This is posted in two sections: Part IIa Part IIb

Part III. - BOTANY OF JUAN FERNANDEZ, South-eastern Molluccas, and the Admiralty Islands. By W. B. Hemsley, A.L.S.

Vol. 2, containing:- . . . . (1886)

214

Part IV.-- DIATOMACEÆ. By Conte Abate Francesco Castracane degli Antelminelli.

V. ZOOLOGY (bound in forty volumes).

Vol. 1, containing:- . . . . (1880)

553

107

GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO THE ZOOLOGICAL SERIES OF REPORTS. By Sir C. Wyvlle Thomson, F.R.S.

Part I. Report on the Brachiopoda. By Thomas Davidson, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., V.P.P.S.

Phylum Brachiopoda. Brachiopods are marine bivalves with a pair of arms with tentacles. Lampshells.

Part II. Report on the Pennatulida. By Professor Albert v. Kölliker, F.M.R.S;, Hon. F.R.S.E.

Family Pennatulidae. Sea pens.

Part III. Report on the Ostracoda. By G. Stewardson Brady, M.D., F.R.S., F.L.S.

Phylum A-21 Crustacea = having a shell or crust.
Class Ostracoda = Having a shrimp-like body in a bivalve shell. Sea Shrimps

Part IV. Report on the bones of Cetacea. By Professor William Turner, M.B. (Lond.), F.R.SS. L. & E.

Order Cetacea = Marine mammals that have lungs and bear living young. Whales.

Part V. Report on the development of the green turtle. (Chelone viridis, Schneid.). By Wiffiam Kitchen Parker, F.R.S.

Family Chelonidae Order & Genus Chelonia. Firm shell; Jaws have a horny beak. Green turtles.

Part VI. Report on the shore fishes. By Dr. Albert Günther, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S., V.P.Z.S., F.L.S.

Vol. 2, containing:- (1881)

422

Part VII.-Report on Certain HYDROID, ALCYONARIAN, and MADREPORIAN CORALS. By Professor H. N. Moseley, M.A., F.R.S., F.Z.S., F.L.S.

Phylum Coelenterata = Cnidaria. Stinging.
Class Anthozoa. Corals and sea anemones.
Order Alcyonaria. Having eight branches.
Order Madreporaria. Stony coral. Having calcarious skeletons. brain coral, stag's-horn coral.

[xxv]

Part VllI-Report on the BIRDS. By P. L. Sclater, F.R.S., F.L.S. Containing Reports on the Birds collected in:-

I. The Philippine Islands. By Arthur, Marquis of Tweeddale, F.R.S., P.Z.S.

II. The Admiralty Islands. By P. L. Sclater, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S.

III. Tongatabu, the Fiji Islands, Api (New Hebrides), and Tahiti. By Dr. O. Finsch, C.M.Z.S.

IV. Ternate, Amboyna, Banda, the Ki Islands and the Arrou Islands. By T Salvadori, C.M.Z.S.

V. Cape York, Australia, and on the neighbouring islands (Raine, Wednesday, and Booby Islands). By W. A. Forbes, F.Z.S.

VI. The Sandwich Islands. By P. L. Sclater, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S.

VII. Antarctic America. By P. L. Sclater, M.A., Ph.D., F.RS., and Osbert Salvin, M.A., F.R.S.

VIII. The Atlantic Islands and Kerguelen Island, and on the miscellaneous collections. By P. L. Sclater, M.A., F.R.S.

IX. On the Steganopodes and Impennes collected during the Expedition. By P. L. Sclater, Ph.D., F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, MA., F.R.S.

X. On the Laridæ collected during the Expedition. By Howard Saunders, F.R.S., F.L.S.

XI. On the Procellariidæ collected during the Expedition. By Osbert Salvin, M.A., F.R.S., &c.

List of the eggs collected during the Expedition. By P. L. Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. (Appendix I.)

Note on the Gizzard and other organs of Carpophaga latrans. By A. H. Garrod, M.A., F.R.S. (Appendix II.)

Vol. 3, containing:- . . . . (1881)

496

Part IX. - Report on the ECHINOIDEA. By Alexander Agassiz.

Class Echnoidea. Calcareous, usually spherical or disk-shaped covered with movable spines. Sea urchins, sand dollars.

Part X. - Report on the PYCNOGONIDA. By P. P. C. Hoek, Assist. Zool. Lab., Leyden.

Order Pycnogonida. small, thin body, eight legs usually very long. Triangular mouth with tubular proboscis. Sea spider.

Vol. 4, containing:- . . . . (1882)

558

Part XI. - Report on the anatomy of the PETRELS(Tubarines). By W. A. Forbes, B.A., F.L.S., F.G.S., M.B.O.U.

Tribe Tubinares. tubular horny nostrils.
Family Procellaridae. long-winged sea birds. Petrels, Mother Carey's chickens.

Part XII. - Report on the DEEP-SEA MEDUSÆ By Professor Ernst Haeckel, M.D., Ph.D.

Phylum cnidariae. stinging.
Medusae. free-swimming. jellyfish. Sea nettles.

Part XllI. - Report on the HOLOTHURIOIDEA. First Part.-The Elasipoda. By Hjalmar Théel.

Echinodermata
Phylum Echinodermata
Family, Class Holothurioidea or Holothuridae. elongated, flattened body, circle of tentacles surrounding mouth. Sea cucumbers.

Vol. 5, containing :- . . . . (1882)

587

Part XIV. - Report on the OPHIUROIDEA. By Theodore Lyman.

Class Ophiuroidea. Brittle stars and basket stars.

Part XVI. - Report on some points in the ANATOMY of the THYLACINE (Thylacinus cynocephalus), CUSCUS (Phalangsta maculata), and PHASCOGALE (Phascogale calura) ; with an account of the Comparative Anatomy of the Intrinsic Muscles and Nerves of the MAMMALIAN PES. By Professor D. J. Cunningham, M.D., F.R.S.E.

Genus Cuscus (= soft grass found in tropics): wooly-haired monkey-like marsupial of New Guinea and N. Australia.
Genus Phascogale. Marsupial. Pouched mice.

Vol. 6, containing :- . . . . (1882)

486

Part XV. - Report on the Actiniaria. By Professor Richard Hertwig.

Order Actinaria. Resemble flowers with oral ring of tentacles. Similar to corals, but form no hard skeleton. Sea anemones.

Part XVII. - Report on the TUNICATA. First Part.-Ascidiæ Simplices. By Professor William A. Herdman, D.Sc., F.R.S.E.

Subphylum Tunicata. Intermediate between invertebrates and vertebrates. Attach to objects, but free-swimming larva.

Vol. 7, containing :- . . . . (1883)

493

Part XVIII. - Report on the SPEENISCIDÆ. Anatomy of the. By Professor Morrison Watson, MD., F.R.S.E.

Family Spheniscidae. Penguins.

Part XIX. - Report on the PELAGIC HEMIPTERA. By F. Buchanan White, M.D., F.L.S.

Order Hemiptera. 6-legged insects with jointed proboscis with four stylets for piercing. true bugs.

Part XX. - Report on the Hydroida. First Part: Pluminaridæ By Professor G.J. Allman, M.D., LL.D., F.R.C.S.I., F.R.SS.L.&E., M.R.I.A., C.M.Z.S.

Order Hydroidea. Plumularidae = "having plumes" ??

Part XXI. - Report on the ORBITOLITES. Specimens of the Genus. By W. B. Carpenter, C.B., M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., F.G.S.

Subclass Rhizopoda. Creeping protozoans. Amoebas and foramifers.
Order Foraminifera. chambered calcareous shell formed by several zooids.
Genus Orbitolites. Formainifera forming broad thin, circular disks.

Vol. 8, containing:- . . . . (1884)

468

Part XXIII. - Report on the COPEPODA. By G. Stewardson Brady, M.D., F.R.S., F.L.S.

Subclass Copepoda. planktonic or parasitic crustaceans.

Part XXIV. - Report on the CALCAREA. By N. Poléjaeff, M.A., of the University of Odessa.

Part XXV. - Report on the CIRRIPEDIA. Systematic Part. By P. P. C. Hoek, Memb. Roy. Acad. Sci., Netherlands.

Subclass Cirripedia. Barnacles.

Vol. 9, containing,:- . . . . (1884)

956

117

Part XXII. - Report on the Foraminifera. By Henry Bowman Brady, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., &c.

Order Foraminifera. chambered calcareous shell formed by several zooids.

Vol. 10, containing:- . . . . (1884)

740

Part XXVI. - Report on the NUDIBRANCHIATA. By Dr. Rudolph Bergh.

suborder Nudbranchia. mollusks having no shell as adults. Sea slugs.

Part XXVII. - Report on the MYZOSTOMIDA. By Professor Ludwig von Graff.

Phylum Annelida
Class Polychaeta
Order Myzostomida. Parisitic worms found on crinoids. Short disklike body with 4 pairs of suckers and 5 pairs of hook-bearing parapodia on underside.

Part XXVIII. - Report on the CIRRIPEDIA. Anatomical Part. By P. P. C. Hoek, Memb. Roy. Acad. Sci., Netherlands.

Subclass Cirripedia. Barnacles.

Part XXIX. - Report on HUMAN SKELETONS. First Part.-The Crania. By Professor William Turner, M.B., F.R.SS. L. & E.

Part XXX. - Report on the POLYZOA. First Part. - Cheilostomata. By George Busk, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S., &c.

Phylum Bryozoa. Marine or freshwater animals that form colonies of zooids. Sea mat, sea moss.

Vol. 11, containing:- . . . . (1884)

717

Part XXXI. - Report on the KERATOSA. By N. Poléjaeff, M.A.

Order Keratosa. Sponges having a skeleton of hornlike fibers. Commercial sponges.

Part XXXII. - Report on the CRINOIDEA. First Part.-Stalked Crinoids. By P. H. Carpenter, D.Sc.

Phylum Echinodermata. Radially symmetrical marine invertebrates. Starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers.
Class Crinoidea. Five or more feathery arms radiating from a central disk. Sea lily, feather star.

Part XXXIII. - Report on the ISOPODA. First Part.-Genus Serolis. By Frank Evers Beddard, M.A. (Oxon.), F.R.S.E., F.R.M.S., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U.

Class Crustacea. Crust-like shell. arthropods with mandibles. lobsters, crabs, barnacles, water fleas.
Subclass Malacostraca.
Order Isopoda. usually seven pairs of similar legs. pill bugs, sow bugs, wood lice.

Vol. 12, containing :- . . . . (1885)

689

Part XXXIV. - Annelida Polychæta. By Professor W.C. M'Intosh, F.R.S.

Phylum Annelida. Segmented worms, earthworms, leeches
Class Polychaeta "many hairs". marine annelid (segmented) worms

Vol. 13, containing:- . . . . (1885)

658

Part XXXV. - Report on the LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. By Edgar A. Smith, F.Z.S.

Class Bivalvia, Lamellibranchia = having lamellar (thin plate or scale) gills. Oysters, clams, scallops, mussels.

Part XXXVI. - Report on the GEPHYREA. By Professor Emil Selenka, Erlangen.

Phylum Annelida. Segmented worms, earthworms, leeches
Order Gephyrea. Body imperfectly segmented; mostly without bristles (setae).

Part XXXVII. - Report on the SCHIZOPODA. By Professor G. O. Sars.

Order Mysidacea and Euphausiacea[formerly] division of Malacostraca. Shrimplike, each leg has a long fringed branch for swimming.

Vol. 14, containing:- . . . . (1886)

792

Part XXXVIII. - Report on the TUNICATA. Second Part. -Ascidiæ Cornpositæ. By William A. Herdman, D.Sc., F.L.S., F.R.S.E.

Subphylum Tunicata. Intermediate between invertebrates and vertebrates. Attach to objects, but free-swimming larva.

Part XXXIX. - Report on the HOLOTHURIOIDEA. Second Part. By Hjalmar Théel.

Class Holothurioidea. elongated, flattened beneath, circle of tentacles around mouth.
Family Holothuridae

Vol. 15, containing:- . . . . (1886)

898

Part XLI. - Report on the Marseniadæ. By Rudolph Bergh.

Class Gastropoda Cuvier 1797.
Suborder Hypsogastropoda = Latrogastropoda.

Part XLII. - Report on the SCAPHOPODA AND GASTEROPODA. By Rev. Robert Boog Watson, F.L.S.

Phylum Mollusca.
Class Scaphopoda. bilaterally symmetric. Burrowing marine mollusk. tooth shells.
Class Gastropoda. Snails, slugs.

- Report on the CÆCIDÆ. By Leopold, Marquis de Folin. Appendix to Part XLII.

Part XLIII - Report on the POLYPLACOPHORA. By Professor Alfred C. Haddon, M.A., M.R.1.A.

Class Polyplacophora. chitons, sea cradle.

Vol. 16, containing :- . . . . (1886)

779

Part XLIV. - Report on the Cephalopoda. By William Evans Hoyle, M.A. (Oxon.), M.R.C.S., F.R.S.E.

Class Cephalopoda. Muscular arms around the front of the head. Usually with suckers or hooks. squids, octopuses, culttlefish.

Part XLV. - Report on the STOMATOPODA. By Professor W. K. Brooks.

Order Stomatopoda. mantis shrimps.

Part XLVI. - Report on the REEF CORALS. By John J. Quelch, B.Sc. (Lond.).

Part XLVII. - Report on the HUMAN SKELETONS. Second Part: The bones of the Skeleton. By Professor Sir William Turner, Knt., M.B., LL.D., F.R.SS. L. & E.

Vol. 17, containing :-- . . . . (1886)

779

Part XLVIII. - Report on the ISOPODA. Second Part. By Frank Evers Beddard, M.A. (Oxon.), F.R.S.E., F.Z.S., &c.

[see Isopoda above]

Part XLIX. - Report on the BRACHYURA. By Edward J. Miers, F.Z.S., F.L.S.

Suborder Brachyura. Ten-footed. Reduced abdomen folded against ventral surface. True crabs.

Part L. - Report on the POLYZOA. Second Part. - Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata, and Pedicellinea. By George Busk, F.R.S., V.P.L.S., &c.

Order Cyclostomata. Jawless vertebrates. Lampreys, hagfishes
Sub-Order Ctenostomata = comb mouth. Having circle of bristles below the tentacles.

Vol. 18, containing:- . . . . (1887)

2155

141

Part XL. - Report on the RADIOLARIA. By Professor Ernst Haeckel, M.D., Ph.D. (Two Vols. text and one Vol. plates.)

Subclass Rhizopoda. Pseudopods used for movement and food gathering. foraminifera, Radiolaria.
Order Radiolaria. marine protozoa. Rhizopods having siliceous skeleton and sometimes radiating spicules.

Vol. 19, containing :- . . . . (1887)

379

Part LIV. - Report on the NEMERTA. By Professor A.. A. W. Hubrecht, LL.D., C.M.Z.S.

Phylum Nemertea, Nemertina. Straight intestine. Long tubular poboscis. Well developed nervous system and blood vessels. Proboscis worms, ribbon worms.

Part LV. - Report on the CUMACEA. By Professor G. O. Sars.

Order Cumacea.

Part LVI. - Report on the PHYLLOCARIDA. By Professor G. O. Sars.

Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Subclass Phyllocarida

Part LVIII. - Report on the PTEROPODA. First Part.-Gymnosomata. By Paul Pelseneer, D.Sc. (Brussels).

Class Pteropoda. anterior lobes of foot developed in the form of broad, thin, winglike organs for swimming.
Order Gymnosomata. Having no shell

Vol. 20, containing:- . . . . (1887)

477

Part LIX. - Report on the MONAXONIDA. By Stuart O. Ridley, M.A., F.L.S., and Arthur Dendy, B.Sc., F.L.S.

Class Demospongiae
Subclass Monaxonida = Ceractinomorpha.
Order Monaxonida. Sponge.

Part LXI. - Myzostomida (Supplement). By Professor L. von Graff.

Phylum Annelida
Class Polychaeta
Order Myzostomida. Parisitic worms found on crinoids. Short disklike body with 4 pairs of suckers and 5 pairs of hook-bearing parapodia on underside.

Part LXII. - Report on the CEPHALODISCUS DODECALOPHUS. By Professor William C. M'Intosh, M.B., LL.D., F.R.S.

Family Cephalodiscidae
Genus Cephalodiscus M'Intosh, 1882.

- Report on the CEPHALODISCUS DODECALOPHUS By Sidney F. Harmer, B.A., B.Sc. Appendix to Part LXII.

Vol. 21, containing :- . . . . (1887)

624

105

Part LIII - Report on the HEXACTINELLIDA. By Professor F. E. Schulze. (One Vol. text and one Vol. plates.)

Sponges having six-rayed siliceous spicules.

Vol. 22, containing:- . . . . (1887)

481

Part LVII. - Report on the DEEP-SEA FISHES. By Dr. Albert Günther, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S.

Vol. 23, containing:- . . . . (1888)

514

Part LXV. - Report on the PTEROPODA. Second Part. -Thecosomata. By Paul Pelseneer, D.Sc. (Brussels).

Class Pteropoda [see above]
Order Thecosomata. Pteropods with a shell.

Part LXVI. - Report on the PTEROPODA. Third Part.-Anatomy. By Paul Pelseneer, D.Sc. (Brussels).

Part LXX. - Report on the Hydroida. Second Part - Tubularinæ, Corymorphinæ, Campanularinæ, Sertularinæ, and Thalamophora. By Professor G.J. Allman.

Order Hydroidea.

Part LXXI. - Report on the Entozoa. By Dr. O. von Linstow, Göttingen.

parasites that live in internal organs. intestinal worms.

Part LXXII. - Report on the HETEROPODA. By Edgar A. Smith, F.Z.S.

[no plates in this report]

Vol. 24, containing:- . . . . (1888)

1198

157

Part LII. - Report on the CRUSTACEA MACRURA. By C. Spence Bate, F.R.S., F.L.S.

Crustacea decapod having abdomen developed. Lobster, prawn, shrimp.

- Report on the DESCRIPTION OF SYLON CHALLENGERI, n.sp., a PARASITIC CIRRIPED. By Dr. P. P. O. Hoek, Memb. Roy. Acad. Sci., Netherlands. (Appendix to Part LII.)

VoL 25, containing: - . . . . (1888)

673

Part LXIII. - Report on the TETRACTINELLIDA. By Professor W. J. Sollas, M.A., D.Sc., LL.D.

Phylum Porifera. Sponges.
Tetractinellida. Sponges having four branches diverging at right angles. Siliceous spicules.

Vol. 26, containing:- . . . . (1888)

797

Part LX. - Report on the CRINOIDEA. Second Part.-Comatulæ. By P. Herbert Carpenter, D.Sc., F.R.S., F.L.S.

Class Crinoidea. Sea lilies.
Family Antedonidae.
Genus Comatula or Antedon. Hair curled. cling to seaweeds. Feather stars.

Part LXVIII. - Report on the SEALS. By Professor Sir William Turner, Knt., M.B., LL.D., F.RSS. L. & E.

Part LXXIII. - Report on the ACTINIARIA (Supplement). By Professor Richard Hertwig.

Order Actinaria. Sea Anemones.

Vol. 27, containing:- . . . . (1888)

514

Part LXIX. - Report on the ANOMURA. By Professor J. R. Henderson.

decapod crustacea. Hermit crab.

Part LXXIV. - Anatomy of the Deep-Sea Mollusca. By Professor Paul Pelseneer, D.Sc.

Part LXXV. - Report on the PHORONIS BUSKII. By Professor W. C. M'lntosh, F.R.S.

Phylum Phoronida.
Genus Phoronis. Hermaphrodite marine worms with tentacles around mouth.

Part LXXVI. - Report on the TUNICATA. Third Part.-Pelagic Tunicates. By Professor William A. Herdman, D.Sc., F.R.S.E., F.L.S.

Genus Ascidium.

Vol. 28, containing :- . . . . (1888)

441

Part LXXVII. - Report on the SIPHONOPHORÆ. By Professor Ernst Haeckel, M.D., Ph.D., Hon. F.R.S.E.

Phylum Cnidaria. Stinging.
Class Hydrozoa. Colonial. Hydras and jellyfishes.
Order Siphonophora. Marine Hydrozoa, including complex communities of free-swimming zooids.

Vol. 29, containing:- . . . . (1888)

1786

213

Part LXVII. - Report on the Amphipoda. By Rev. Thomas R.R. Stebbing, M.A.

Phylum Arthropoda. Joint-footed.
Class Crustacea. Crust or shell. Mandibles.
Subclass Malacostraca.
Order Amphipoda. Small, flat-bodied crustaceans, fourteen-footed. Whale lice, sand-hoppers, skeleton shrimp, beach flea.

Vol. 30, containing:- . . . . (1889)

1059

119

Part LI. - Report on the ASTEROIDEA. By W. Percy Sladen, F.L.S., F.G.S., (One Vol. text and one Vol. Plates.)

Phylum Echinodermata
Class Asteroidea. Sea Star, starfish.

Vol. 31, containing:- . . . . (1889)

537

Part LXIV. - Report on the ALCYONARIA. By Professor E. Perceval Wright, M. A., M. D., Sec. M.R.I.A., and Professor Th. Studer, M.D.

Phylum Cnidaria
Class Anthozoa.
Order Alcyonaria. Corals and Sea anemones having eight branches.

Part LXXVIII. - Report on the PELAGIC FISHES. By Dr. Albert Günther, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S.

Part LXXIX. - Report on the POLYZOA (Supplement). By A. W. Waters, F.L.S., F.G.S.

Vol. 32, containing:- . . . . (1889)

391

Part LXXX. - Report on the ANTIPATHARIA. By George Brook, F.L.S., F.R.S.E.

Phylum Cnidaria
Order Antipatharia (ERMS). Black Corals.
Family Antipathidae

Part LXXXI. - Report on the ALCYONARIA (Supplement). By Professor Th. Studer, M.D.

Phylum Cnidaria
Order Antipatharia (ERMS). Black Corals.
Family Antipathidae

Part LXXXII. - Report on the DEEP-SEA KERATOSA. By Professor Ernst Haeckel, M.D, Ph.D., Hon. F.RS.E.

Order Keratosa. Sponges having a skeleton of horn-like fibers.

III. SUMMARY (bound in two volumes):- . . . . (1895)

1665

Summary of the Scientific Results obtained at the Sounding, Dredging, and Trawling Stations of H.M.S. Challenger. By John Murray, LL.D., Ph.D., one of the Naturalists of the Expedition, Director of the work connected with the publication of the Scientific Results of the Expedition, and Editor of the Challenger Report.

Part I Part II

Part LXXXIII. - Report on the SPIRULA. By Rt. Hon. T. H. Huxley, F.R.S., and Dr. Paul Pelseneer,

Class Cephalopod. Well-developed head and eyes, and sucker-bearing tentacles.
Order Decapoda.
Family Spirulidae, Genus Spirula. Small cephalopods with many-chambered spiral shells resembling the extinct belemnites. having siphunculated shell in the form of a flat spiral, the coils of which are not in contact.
Siphuncle = tube which runs through the chambers of cephalopod shells. Used to control buoyancy.

Phys. Chem. Part VIII.-OCEANIC CIRCULATION, based on the Observations made on board H.M.S. Challenger and other Observations. By Alexander Buchan, M.A., LL.D.

32

38

6

16

RELATED PUBLICATIONS

In addition to the Reports, the following related publications are also included and linked here:

1873 The Depths of the Sea, by C. Wyville Thomson.
    This is an account of the dredging cruises of H.M.S. Porcupine and H.M.S. Lightning in the years 1868-1870.

1878 The Cruise of H.M.S. Challenger, by W.J.J. Spry, R.N.
    This is an early popular account of the cruise by one of its participants.

1878 The Voyage of the "Challenger" Vol I , Vol II: The Atlantic. by Sir C. Wyville Thomson. In two volumes.
    This is a preliminary account of the general results of the Voyage, published shortly after its conclusion.

1892 Notes by a Naturalist: An Account of Observations made during the Voyage of H.M.S. "Challenger". By H.N. Moseley.
    This is another account of the general results of the Voyage, written by a participant.

1912 The Depths of the Ocean. An account of the scientific reseraches of the Norwegian Steamer "Michael Sars". by Sir John Murray of the Challenger Expedition, and Dr. Johan Hjort, director of Norwegian Fisheries.
    This is a general account of the science of Oceanography, a retrospective by the editor of the Challenger reports.

ANEMOMETER, THERMOMETER, CURRENT DRAG, SEXTANT, AND CARBONIC ACID APPARATUS.

Revision 22 November 2009: Links to all reports are added.